The seventh chord function in major keys is always a diminished triad – in this case, B, D, F. Okay, so, what’s up with the B chord? B minor is B, D, F#, but there no F# in C. In short, major chords get capitalized numerals, and minor chords get lower-case numerals. C is C, E, G, a major chord, so it gets a capitalized numeral. Why are some capitalized and others aren’t? Each of these notes has a chord attached that corresponds with the notes in the given. In steps, that’s one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, and the Roman numerals correspond to that like this: If you’re playing in the key of C, then the notes of the scale you’re using are C, D, E, F, G, A, B. Think about it this way: Regardless of the key you’re in, step 1 is always step 1, step 2 is always step 2, etc. When talking about guitar chord progressions, you’ll see Roman numerals like “I, IV, V.” Those are the numbers for the chord functions, which correspond to the steps in a scale, so they don’t change even if your key changes. First, Explaining the Use of Roman Numerals We’re getting into music theory, but it’s important because that will help you better understand the music you play. Composers use these progressions to put guitar chords together into the songs you play. Many things besides individual chords and single notes make up pieces of music, like guitar chord progressions.
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